{"id":1415,"date":"2020-03-04T18:49:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-04T17:49:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/?p=1415"},"modified":"2020-03-04T18:55:41","modified_gmt":"2020-03-04T17:55:41","slug":"de-la-diffraction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/?p=1415","title":{"rendered":"De la diffraction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Lors de notre r\u00e9union du vendredi 28 f\u00e9vrier notre camarade Didier est intervenu pour expliquer et mettre en garde sur cette question de la diffraction. Voici le document qui accompagnait sa r\u00e9flexion :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>La diffraction est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne optique, la lumi\u00e8re qui atteint le capteur est contr\u00f4l\u00e9e par le diaphragme &nbsp;  dont le diam\u00e8tre varie de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 laisser passer plus ou moins de lumi\u00e8re. Cependant, lorsque celui-ci se ferme&nbsp; excessivement, la lumi\u00e8re&nbsp; sera oblig\u00e9e de passer \u00e0 travers un orifice tr\u00e8s \u00e9troit,&nbsp; ce qui engendrera un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de diffraction. Les ondes lumineuses qui attendront le capteur seront alors d\u00e9form\u00e9es, ce qui impactera la nettet\u00e9 de la photo. Ainsi, plus le diaphragme est ferm\u00e9 moins la photo sera nette&nbsp; , il est donc pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de ne pas d\u00e9passer F16.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"908\" height=\"396\" src=\"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx.jpg 908w, https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx-768x335.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Plus le capteur est grand moins la diffraction sera visible , mais plus la r\u00e9solution est grande plus il y aura de diffraction.<br> Mais cela n\u2019est pas aussi simple car plus l\u2019ouverture est grande plus il y aura d\u2019aberrations sph\u00e9riques, ces d\u00e9fauts font qu\u2019une optique sera plus nette deux diaphragme au dessus de son ouverture maximale.<br> De nuit on peut utiliser cette diffraction pour obtenir l\u2019effet d\u2019\u00e9toile autour des lumieres ( voir exemple ci-dessous<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"358\" src=\"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx2_.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx2_.jpg 400w, https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/diffraction-resume\u0301e.docx2_-300x269.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne sera d\u2019autant plus sensible que le capteur sera petit car les photosites seront alors microscopiques (2microns) il en d\u00e9coule que pour un capteur de taille inf\u00e9rieure au micro 4\/3 c\u2019est \u00e0 dire 1 pouce ou bien les capteurs de smartphone fermer le diaphragme au-del\u00e0 de 8 ou 11 donnera un effet tout \u00e0 fait contraire de ce que l\u2019on souhaitait au d\u00e9part : manque de nettet\u00e9 pour cause de diffraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour ceux qui souhaiteraient approfondir et comprendre les bases scientifiques de ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Th%C3%A9orie_de_la_diffraction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (s\u2019ouvre dans un nouvel onglet)\"><em>Th\u00e9orie de la diffraction<\/em><\/a><br><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" Pouvoir de r\u00e9solution (s\u2019ouvre dans un nouvel onglet)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pouvoir_de_r%C3%A9solution\" target=\"_blank\"><em> Pouvoir de r\u00e9solution<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lors de notre r\u00e9union du vendredi 28 f\u00e9vrier notre camarade Didier est intervenu pour expliquer et mettre en garde sur cette question de la diffraction. Voici le document qui accompagnait sa r\u00e9flexion : La diffraction est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne optique, la lumi\u00e8re qui atteint le capteur est contr\u00f4l\u00e9e par le diaphragme &nbsp; dont le diam\u00e8tre varie&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/?p=1415\">Lire plus<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technique"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1415"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1421,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415\/revisions\/1421"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acligphoto.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}